Treatments

Excimer light treatment is a development of whole-body narrowband UVB. Narrowband UVB delivers energy at a wavelength between 311–312 nm for the treatment of localized psoriasis and vitiligo. The disadvantages of narrowband UVB include irradiation of the whole body (even if the psoriasis is localized) and the need for a high number of treatments (usually between 15 and 40 sessions). The UV ray generated by the excimer light is delivered via a hand-held wand that focuses on the lesion. Compared with narrowband UVB, its advantages are: Healthy skin surrounding the affected areas is not exposed to radiation Different templates are used according to the area to be treated A higher dose of radiation can be delivered, with a reduced cumulative dose of irradiation In some cases, a shorter course of treatment is effective It can be used in areas difficult to reach with conventional phototherapies, such as ears and genitals It can be used in children, as it is a relatively friendly–looking piece of equipment.

Diode lasers use the principle of selective photothermolysis (abbreviated SPTL) to target specific chromophores in the skin, usually melanin or blood. The lasers damage the chromophores by selectively heating them while leaving surrounding tissue unharmed. When treating unwanted hair, for example, the melanin in the hair follicles is targeted and damaged which results in the disruption of hair growth and regeneration. A diode laser can be complemented by cooling technology or other pain-reducing methods which improve treatment efficacy and patient comfort. Laser energy is selectively absorbed by the melanin in the hair follicle and converted to heat, diffusing to and injuring stem cells in bulb and bulge. Most hair is permanently removed. Hair that does regrow is finer and lighter than before.

The Q-switched Nd:YAG laser emits a longer, near-infrared ray of 1,064 nm that is capable of penetrating into the deeper regions of the skin. Therefore, it is able to destroy deep-seated dermal melanocytes by selective photothermolysis

Microneedling is a dermaroller procedure that uses small needles to prick the skin. The purpose of treatment is to generate new collagen and skin tissue for smoother, firmer, more toned skin. Microneedling is mostly used on the face and may treat various scars, wrinkles, and large pores

Electroporation makes use of electric pulses, creating gaps in the stratum corneum layer of the skin so that beauty enhancers and medications can be introduced into the basal and dermis layers of the skin. Collagen, hyaluronic acid, and other substances can be administered deep into the skin painlessly and quickly without having to rely on needles. For best results, it is recommended to perform a diamond-tipped MDA exfoliation prior to electroporation, in order to remove the stratum corneum and create favorable conditions for substance absorption.

Microdermabrasion is a minimally invasive procedure used to renew overall skin tone and texture. It can improve the appearance of sun damage, wrinkles, fine lines, age spots, acne scarring, melasma, and other skin-related concerns and conditions. The procedure uses a special applicator with an abrasive surface to gently sand away the thick outer layer of the skin to rejuvenate it. A different microdermabrasion technique sprays fine particles of aluminum oxide or sodium bicarbonate with a vacuum/suction to accomplish the same outcome as the abrasive surface. Microdermabrasion is considered a safe procedure for most skin types and colors

Narrowband UVB is the most common form of phototherapy used to treat skin diseases. "Narrowband" refers to a specific wavelength of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, 311 to 312 nm. UVB phototherapy was formerly provided as a broadband source. The narrowband range of UV radiation has proved to be the most beneficial component of natural sunlight for psoriasis. Narrowband UVB may also be used in the treatment of many other skin conditions including atopic eczema, vitiligo, pruritus, lichen planus, polymorphous light eruption, early cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and dermographism.